As an FCA-authorised broker that has helped arrange over 750,000 policies, WeCovr understands that navigating the world of private medical insurance in the UK can feel complex. One of the most critical, yet often misunderstood, components of any policy is the 'excess'. This article explains exactly how it works.
Understanding your policy's excess is fundamental to managing the cost of your private health cover and ensuring there are no surprises when you need to make a claim. In essence, an excess is the amount you agree to pay towards the cost of your private medical treatment before your insurer covers the rest.
Think of it as your contribution to the claim. Choosing the right excess level is a balancing act: a higher excess typically means a lower monthly or annual premium, while a lower excess results in a higher premium. This guide will demystify the two main types of excess, explain how they function, and help you decide on the right level for your personal and financial circumstances.
In the context of UK private medical insurance (PMI), the excess is a fixed sum of money you pay when you make a claim. It's a standard feature across almost all insurance products, from car to home insurance, and health cover is no different.
The primary purpose of an excess is twofold:
It's crucial to remember that you only pay the excess when you actually use your insurance to receive treatment. You do not pay it every month along with your premium.
When you set up your PMI policy, you will encounter two potential types of excess. Some policies have one or the other, while some may have a combination of both.
A compulsory excess is a fixed amount set by the insurance provider that you must pay on any claim. You have no control over this amount; it's a non-negotiable part of the policy's structure.
A voluntary excess is the amount you choose to pay on top of any compulsory excess. This is where you have the power to directly influence your premium. Insurers offer a range of voluntary excess options, typically from £0 up to £1,000 or even higher.
The relationship between your excess and your premium is inverse: as one goes up, the other comes down. This is the most significant lever you can pull to make your private medical insurance UK policy more affordable.
Let's look at a hypothetical example to see how this works in practice. Please note these figures are for illustrative purposes only; your actual premium will depend on numerous factors including your age, location, medical history, and the level of cover you choose.
Table: Example Premiums vs. Excess Levels
Voluntary Excess Chosen | Estimated Monthly Premium | Potential Annual Saving (vs. £0 Excess) |
---|---|---|
£0 | £85 | £0 |
£100 | £78 | £84 |
£250 | £69 | £192 |
£500 | £55 | £360 |
£1,000 | £42 | £516 |
As you can see, opting for a £500 excess instead of a £0 excess could reduce your premium by £30 per month, saving you £360 over the year. By choosing a £1,000 excess, the annual saving becomes a substantial £516.
This is why it's so important to consider what you could realistically afford to pay in the event of a claim. If you're a healthy individual who is unlikely to claim frequently, a higher excess might be a very sensible financial decision.
Selecting the right excess is a personal decision based on your financial situation and attitude to risk. Here are the key factors to consider:
At WeCovr, our expert advisors can walk you through these considerations. We help you compare quotes from the best PMI providers, modelling how different excess levels impact the price, so you can find the perfect balance for your needs and budget at no extra cost.
Let's illustrate with a couple of common scenarios.
Scenario 1: Knee Surgery
How the excess is applied:
David makes a claim. He is responsible for paying the first £250 of the cost. His insurer covers the remaining £7,050. Because his excess is "per year," he won't have to pay anything more towards claims for the rest of that policy year, no matter how much further treatment he needs for this or any other new, eligible condition.
Scenario 2: Minor Outpatient Treatment
How the excess is applied:
The total cost of Sarah's treatment (£370) is less than her chosen excess (£500). In this case, she would pay the full £370 herself. Her insurance would not pay out. However, the £370 she paid is now counted towards her annual excess. If she needed further, more expensive treatment later in the same policy year, she would only have to pay the remaining £130 (£500 - £370) of her excess before her insurer would start paying.
To make the distinction crystal clear, here’s a simple comparison table.
Feature | Compulsory Excess | Voluntary Excess |
---|---|---|
Who sets it? | The insurer. It is a fixed, mandatory part of the policy. | You, the policyholder. You choose from a range of options. |
Can it be changed? | No, it is fixed by the provider for that policy tier. | Yes, you can usually change it at your annual renewal. |
Purpose | To cover the insurer's basic administrative costs and deter very small claims. | To give you control over your premium. Higher excess = lower premium. |
Typical Amount | Usually low, e.g., £100 or £200. | Varies widely, e.g., £0, £250, £500, £1,000+. |
Impact on Premium | Minimal direct impact as it's a standard feature. | Major impact. The main tool for adjusting your premium. |
Another crucial detail to check in your policy documents is whether your excess is applied per policy year or per claim. This can make a significant difference to your potential costs.
Comparison Table: Per Year vs. Per Claim Excess
Aspect | Excess Per Policy Year | Excess Per Claim / Per Condition |
---|---|---|
Payment Frequency | Pay the excess only on your first claim of the policy year. | Pay the excess for each new, unrelated claim you make. |
Predictability | High. You know your maximum out-of-pocket cost is your excess amount. | Lower. Your total cost depends on how many times you claim. |
Best For | Almost everyone. It provides cost certainty and is simpler to manage. | May result in a slightly lower premium, but carries more financial risk. |
Example | You have a £250 excess. You claim for Condition A (£1000) and pay £250. Later you claim for Condition B (£2000). You pay £0 more. | You have a £250 excess. You claim for Condition A (£1000) and pay £250. Later you claim for Condition B (£2000) and pay another £250. |
Most leading UK private medical insurance providers now offer a "per year" excess as standard, as it's preferred by customers. Always clarify this point when comparing policies.
It is vital for anyone considering private medical insurance in the UK to understand its core purpose. Standard PMI is designed to cover acute conditions that arise after you take out your policy.
Standard UK PMI policies DO NOT cover pre-existing or chronic conditions. The role of PMI is to complement the NHS, not replace it. The NHS provides excellent care for emergency services and the management of chronic conditions. PMI gives you choice and speed for eligible, acute conditions.
Choosing the right PMI policy involves navigating a maze of options: hospital lists, outpatient limits, cancer cover, and, of course, the excess. This is where an independent PMI broker like WeCovr adds immense value.
We pride ourselves on our high customer satisfaction ratings, which reflect our commitment to clear, honest, and helpful guidance.
While adjusting your voluntary excess is the most powerful tool for controlling your premium, there are other factors you can tweak:
The best way to manage health costs is to stay healthy. Modern private medical insurance is increasingly focused on preventative health, offering a range of wellness benefits and incentives to help you live a healthier lifestyle. According to the ONS, in 2022, healthy life expectancy at birth in the UK was around 62.4 years for males and 62.7 years for females, highlighting the importance of proactive health management throughout life.
By engaging with these wellness benefits, you not only improve your health but can also earn rewards and discounts from your insurer. Furthermore, clients who purchase PMI or life insurance through WeCovr are eligible for exclusive discounts on other types of cover we offer, such as home or travel insurance.
Here are answers to some of the most common questions our advisors receive about private medical insurance excess.
1. What happens if my treatment cost is less than my excess? If the total cost of your eligible treatment is less than your chosen excess amount, you will be responsible for paying the full bill yourself. Your insurance policy will not pay out. However, the amount you paid will typically count towards your annual excess limit, meaning you'll have less to pay if you need to make another claim in the same policy year.
2. Can I change my excess amount after my policy has started? You can usually change your voluntary excess, but only at your annual renewal date. You cannot change it mid-way through your policy year. Increasing your excess at renewal is a common way to manage a premium increase, while decreasing it will likely lead to a higher premium.
3. Do I have to pay the excess directly to the hospital? This depends on the insurer and the hospital. In most cases, the hospital will send the full invoice to your insurer. The insurer then pays their share and will inform you of the outstanding excess amount, which you will then need to pay directly to the hospital or specialist. Some insurers may require you to pay the excess upfront before authorising treatment.
4. Does the excess apply to every benefit on my policy? Not always. Some benefits, particularly wellness or add-on benefits, may be exempt from the excess. For example, some policies offer a certain number of physiotherapy or osteopathy sessions with no excess applied, or access to a 24/7 remote GP service without needing to pay. Always check your policy documents to see which benefits require an excess payment.
Understanding how excess works is the first step towards finding an affordable private health cover policy that gives you peace of mind. The key is to strike the right balance between a manageable monthly premium and an excess level you can comfortably afford if you need to claim.
Let our friendly, expert team do the hard work for you. We provide clear, impartial advice and personalised quotes from the UK's most trusted insurers.
Contact WeCovr today for your free, no-obligation private medical insurance quote and discover how affordable peace of mind can be.